Biomass Waste-Derived Pd–PiNe Catalyst for the Continuous-Flow Copper-Free Sonogashira Reaction in a CPME–Water Azeotropic Mixture

Herein, we report on the development of a waste minimization/valorization methodology applied to representative benchmark Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction performed in continuous-flow reactor, featuring downstream membrane organic/aqueous separator recover medium and products with minimal waste. The protocol is based use biomass waste-derived heterogeneous Pd-based catalyst, which obtained from valorization urban-waste pine needles (PiNe). In circular economy approach, PiNe has been proven be capable producing an effective active carbon support for Pd nanoparticle immobilization. addition, catalyst utilized azeotropic mixture formed by industrial cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) water. Thanks this combination adoption flow conditions, high yields final target could accessed stability durability catalyst. Final isolation realized setting in-line liquid–liquid flow, also allowed CPME recovery significant reduction generated. preparation eniluracil, GSK API.